Jwcrypto: jwcrypto: denial of service via o(n^2) duplicate check on unbounded jwk key_ops array
Published Sep 16, 2026
5.9
MEDIUMCVSS 3.1
EPSS 0.66%
Description
A flaw was found in jwcrypto. The JWK.import_key() function validates the key_ops JWK member for duplicate values using an algorithm with O(n^2) time complexity, and the length of key_ops is not bounded. A remote, unauthenticated attacker can supply a JWK with a large key_ops array to an application that passes attacker-controlled key material to a public key-import API (reachable via ECDH-ES key agreement, OIDC dynamic client registration, DPoP, or ACME account key registration, among others) to consume excessive CPU time, resulting in a denial of service.
Affected products
Default status is the baseline for the product, each version can override it (e.g. patched versions marked unaffected).
| Vendor | Product | Default status | Versions | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 | affected |
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| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 | affected |
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| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 | affected |
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| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 | affected |
| |||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 | affected |
| |||
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) | affected |
| |||
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenStack Platform 16.2 | affected |
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| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenStack Platform 17.1 | affected |
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No data.
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Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2
ansible-automation-platform-24/controller-rhel8
Fix deferred
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2
ansible-automation-platform-24/lightspeed-rhel8
Fix deferred
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2
ansible-automation-platform-25/controller-rhel8
Fix deferred
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2
ansible-automation-platform-25/gateway-rhel8
Fix deferred
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2
ansible-automation-platform-25/lightspeed-rhel8
Fix deferred
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2
ansible-automation-platform-26/controller-rhel9
Fix deferred
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2
ansible-automation-platform-26/gateway-rhel9
Fix deferred
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2
ansible-automation-platform-26/lightspeed-rhel9
Fix deferred
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2
ansible-automation-platform-27/gateway-rhel9
Fix deferred
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2
ansible-automation-platform-27/lightspeed-rhel9
Fix deferred
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2
automation-controller
Fix deferred
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2
python3.11-jwcrypto
Fix deferred
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2
python3.12-jwcrypto
Fix deferred
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
python-jwcrypto
Affected
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
python-jwcrypto
Fix deferred
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
idm:DL1/python-jwcrypto
Fix deferred
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
idm:client/python-jwcrypto
Fix deferred
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
python-jwcrypto
Fix deferred
Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
rhoai/odh-feature-server-rhel9
Fix deferred
Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
rhoai/odh-kserve-storage-initializer-rhel9
Fix deferred
Red Hat OpenStack Platform 16.2
rhosp-rhel8/openstack-mistral-executor
Fix deferred
Red Hat OpenStack Platform 16.2
rhosp-rhel8/openstack-nova-api
Fix deferred
Red Hat OpenStack Platform 16.2
rhosp-rhel8/openstack-nova-compute-ironic
Fix deferred
Red Hat OpenStack Platform 16.2
rhosp-rhel8/openstack-novajoin-base
Fix deferred
Red Hat OpenStack Platform 16.2
rhosp-rhel8/openstack-novajoin-notifier
Fix deferred
Red Hat OpenStack Platform 16.2
rhosp-rhel8/openstack-novajoin-server
Fix deferred
Red Hat OpenStack Platform 16.2
rhosp-rhel8/openstack-tempest
Fix deferred
Red Hat OpenStack Platform 16.2
rhosp-rhel8/openstack-tripleoclient
Fix deferred
Red Hat OpenStack Platform 17.1
rhosp-rhel9/openstack-nova-api
Fix deferred
Red Hat OpenStack Platform 17.1
rhosp-rhel9/openstack-nova-compute-ironic
Fix deferred
Red Hat OpenStack Platform 17.1
rhosp-rhel9/openstack-novajoin-base
Fix deferred
Red Hat OpenStack Platform 17.1
rhosp-rhel9/openstack-novajoin-notifier
Fix deferred
Red Hat OpenStack Platform 17.1
rhosp-rhel9/openstack-novajoin-server
Fix deferred
Red Hat OpenStack Platform 17.1
rhosp-rhel9/openstack-tempest
Fix deferred
Red Hat OpenStack Platform 17.1
rhosp-rhel9/openstack-tripleoclient
Fix deferred
| Product | Package | State | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 | ansible-automation-platform-24/controller-rhel8 | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 | ansible-automation-platform-24/lightspeed-rhel8 | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 | ansible-automation-platform-25/controller-rhel8 | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 | ansible-automation-platform-25/gateway-rhel8 | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 | ansible-automation-platform-25/lightspeed-rhel8 | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 | ansible-automation-platform-26/controller-rhel9 | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 | ansible-automation-platform-26/gateway-rhel9 | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 | ansible-automation-platform-26/lightspeed-rhel9 | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 | ansible-automation-platform-27/gateway-rhel9 | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 | ansible-automation-platform-27/lightspeed-rhel9 | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 | automation-controller | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 | python3.11-jwcrypto | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 | python3.12-jwcrypto | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 | python-jwcrypto | Affected | n/a |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 | python-jwcrypto | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 | idm:DL1/python-jwcrypto | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 | idm:client/python-jwcrypto | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 | python-jwcrypto | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) | rhoai/odh-feature-server-rhel9 | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) | rhoai/odh-kserve-storage-initializer-rhel9 | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat OpenStack Platform 16.2 | rhosp-rhel8/openstack-mistral-executor | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat OpenStack Platform 16.2 | rhosp-rhel8/openstack-nova-api | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat OpenStack Platform 16.2 | rhosp-rhel8/openstack-nova-compute-ironic | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat OpenStack Platform 16.2 | rhosp-rhel8/openstack-novajoin-base | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat OpenStack Platform 16.2 | rhosp-rhel8/openstack-novajoin-notifier | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat OpenStack Platform 16.2 | rhosp-rhel8/openstack-novajoin-server | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat OpenStack Platform 16.2 | rhosp-rhel8/openstack-tempest | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat OpenStack Platform 16.2 | rhosp-rhel8/openstack-tripleoclient | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat OpenStack Platform 17.1 | rhosp-rhel9/openstack-nova-api | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat OpenStack Platform 17.1 | rhosp-rhel9/openstack-nova-compute-ironic | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat OpenStack Platform 17.1 | rhosp-rhel9/openstack-novajoin-base | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat OpenStack Platform 17.1 | rhosp-rhel9/openstack-novajoin-notifier | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat OpenStack Platform 17.1 | rhosp-rhel9/openstack-novajoin-server | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat OpenStack Platform 17.1 | rhosp-rhel9/openstack-tempest | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat OpenStack Platform 17.1 | rhosp-rhel9/openstack-tripleoclient | Fix deferred | n/a |
No package ranges for this CVE.
Remediation
Vendor solution
Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
Red Hat statement
This Moderate flaw in `jwcrypto` allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to trigger a denial of service in Red Hat products that process untrusted JSON Web Key (JWK) material. By supplying a JWK with an excessively large `key_ops` array, an attacker can cause applications to consume significant CPU resources during validation, leading to service unavailability.
Red Hat mitigation
Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
Metrics
No CVSS v4.0 score for this CVE.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
No CVSS v3.0 score for this CVE.
No CVSS v2.0 score for this CVE.
This CVE is not in the KEV list.
CISA SSVC (Vulnrichment)
Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization from CISA ADP.
Exploitation
PoCAutomatable
NoTechnical Impact
PartialDecision
n/aAssessed Sep 16, 2026 · SSVC 2.0.3
Estimated probability of exploitation in the wild in the next 30 days (FIRST EPSS). As of Oct 1, 2026.
Score over time
Sep–Oct 2026- EPSS v5
Percentile over time
- EPSS v5
Table of values (2 key points)
Flat stretches are collapsed; showing up to 120 newest points.
| Date | Score | Percentile | Model |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct 1, 2026 | 0.66% (0.00660) | 49.75th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Sep 16, 2026 | 0.50% (0.00496) | 41.37th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
References (5)
- https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-92091 vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHATVendor Advisory
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2533849 issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHATIssue Tracking
- https://github.com/latchset/jwcrypto/security/advisories/GHSA-pwgw-f7xr-863h exploit
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-92091
- https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-92091
| Link | Providers | Tags |
|---|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-92091 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHATVendor Advisory | |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2533849 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHATIssue Tracking | |
| https://github.com/latchset/jwcrypto/security/advisories/GHSA-pwgw-f7xr-863h | exploit | |
| https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-92091 | ||
| https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-92091 |
Change history (0)
No recorded changes yet.