ublk: clean up user copy references on ublk server exit
Published Jan 13, 2026
7.8
HIGHCVSS 3.1
EPSS 0.14%
Description
If a ublk server process releases a ublk char device file, any requests dispatched to the ublk server but not yet completed will retain a ref value of UBLK_REFCOUNT_INIT. Before commit e63d2228ef83 ("ublk: simplify aborting ublk request"), __ublk_fail_req() would decrement the reference count before completing the failed request. However, that commit optimized __ublk_fail_req() to call __ublk_complete_rq() directly without decrementing the request reference count. The leaked reference count incorrectly allows user copy and zero copy operations on the completed ublk request. It also triggers the WARN_ON_ONCE(refcount_read(&io->ref)) warnings in ublk_queue_reinit() and ublk_deinit_queue(). Commit c5c5eb24ed61 ("ublk: avoid ublk_io_release() called after ublk char dev is closed") already fixed the issue for ublk devices using UBLK_F_SUPPORT_ZERO_COPY or UBLK_F_AUTO_BUF_REG. However, the reference count leak also affects UBLK_F_USER_COPY, the other reference-counted data copy mode. Fix the condition in ublk_check_and_reset_active_ref() to include all reference-counted data copy modes. This ensures that any ublk requests still owned by the ublk server when it exits have their reference counts reset to 0.
Affected products
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- Version 6.14.6StatusaffectedConstraints<6.15
- Version
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- Version StatusaffectedConstraints-
- Version StatusaffectedConstraints
- Version StatusaffectedConstraints
- Version
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- Version 6.15StatusaffectedConstraints-
- Version 0StatusunaffectedConstraints<6.15
- Version 6.18.3StatusunaffectedConstraints<=6.18.*
- Version 6.19StatusunaffectedConstraints<=*
- Version
Default status is the baseline for the product, each version can override it (e.g. patched versions marked unaffected).
No data.
No data.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
kernel
Fix deferred
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
kernel
Not affected
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
kernel
Not affected
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
kernel-rt
Not affected
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
kernel
Not affected
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
kernel-rt
Not affected
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
kernel
Not affected
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
kernel-rt
Not affected
| Product | Package | State | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 | kernel | Fix deferred | n/a |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 | kernel | Not affected | n/a |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 | kernel | Not affected | n/a |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 | kernel-rt | Not affected | n/a |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 | kernel | Not affected | n/a |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 | kernel-rt | Not affected | n/a |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 | kernel | Not affected | n/a |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 | kernel-rt | Not affected | n/a |
No package ranges for this CVE.
Remediation
Red Hat statement
The ublk subsystem is a relatively new feature for userspace block device implementations. This bug triggers kernel warnings rather than crashes, and exploitation would require a malicious or buggy ublk server application. Systems not using ublk devices are completely unaffected.
Metrics
No CVSS v4.0 score for this CVE.
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
1 other source (Red Hat) ▾
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
No CVSS v3.0 score for this CVE.
No CVSS v2.0 score for this CVE.
This CVE is not in the KEV list.
No CISA SSVC assessment for this CVE yet.
Estimated probability of exploitation in the wild in the next 30 days (FIRST EPSS). As of Oct 1, 2026.
Score over time
Jan–Oct 2026- EPSS v4
- EPSS v5
Percentile over time
- EPSS v4
- EPSS v5
Table of values (3 key points)
Flat stretches are collapsed; showing up to 120 newest points.
| Date | Score | Percentile | Model |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct 1, 2026 | 0.14% (0.00141) | 2.87th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Jun 15, 2026 | 0.15% (0.00155) | 5.02th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Jan 14, 2026 | 0.02% (0.00018) | 4.07th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
References (7)
- https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-71070 Vendor Advisory
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2429086 Issue Tracking
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/13456b4f1033d911f8bf3a0a1195656f293ba0f6
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/daa24603d9f0808929514ee62ced30052ca7221c
- https://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2026011324-CVE-2025-71070-b6c2@gregkh/T
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-71070
- https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71070
Change history (0)
No recorded changes yet.