The implementations of EAP-PWD in hostapd and wpa_supplicant are vulnerable to side-channel attacks as a result of cache access patterns
Published Apr 17, 2019
3.7
LOWCVSS 3.1
EPSS 3.48%
Description
The implementations of EAP-PWD in hostapd and wpa_supplicant are vulnerable to side-channel attacks as a result of cache access patterns. All versions of hostapd and wpa_supplicant with EAP-PWD support are vulnerable. The ability to install and execute applications is necessary for a successful attack. Memory access patterns are visible in a shared cache. Weak passwords may be cracked. Versions of hostapd/wpa_supplicant 2.7 and newer, are not vulnerable to the timing attack described in CVE-2019-9494. Both hostapd with EAP-pwd support and wpa_supplicant with EAP-pwd support prior to and including version 2.7 are affected.
Affected products
-
- Version 2.7StatusaffectedConstraints<=2.7
- Version
-
- Version 2.7StatusaffectedConstraints<=2.7
- Version
Default status is the baseline for the product, each version can override it (e.g. patched versions marked unaffected).
| Vendor | Product | Default status | Versions | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wi-Fi Alliance | hostapd with EAP-pwd support | n/a |
| ||||||
| Wi-Fi Alliance | wpa supplicant with EAP-pwd support | n/a |
|
Configuration 1
- ≤ 2.7
- ≤ 2.7
Configuration 2
- 28
- 29
- 30
Configuration 3
- 15.0
- 15.0
- 15.1
Configuration 4
- 3.0
- < 1.2.3-8017
- 8.0
Configuration 5
- 11.2
- 11.2
- 11.2
- 11.2
- 11.2
- 11.2
- 11.2
- 11.2
- 11.2
- 11.2
- 12.0
- 12.0
- 12.0
- 12.0
No data.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5
wpa_supplicant
Not affected
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
wpa_supplicant
Not affected
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
wpa_supplicant
Not affected
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
wpa_supplicant
Not affected
Red Hat Virtualization 4
redhat-virtualization-host
Not affected
Red Hat Virtualization 4
rhvm-appliance
Not affected
| Product | Package | State | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 | wpa_supplicant | Not affected | n/a |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 | wpa_supplicant | Not affected | n/a |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 | wpa_supplicant | Not affected | n/a |
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 | wpa_supplicant | Not affected | n/a |
| Red Hat Virtualization 4 | redhat-virtualization-host | Not affected | n/a |
| Red Hat Virtualization 4 | rhvm-appliance | Not affected | n/a |
No package ranges for this CVE.
Remediation
Red Hat statement
This issue did not affect the versions of wpa_supplicant as shipped with Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5, 6 as they did not include support for EAP-pwd. This issue did not affect the versions of wpa_supplicant as shipped with Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 as they are not compiled with EAP-pwd enabled. In particular, the CONFIG_EAP_PWD=y option is not set at compile time. An attacker must be able to run unprivileged code on the victim's machine to be able to exploit it, lowering the severity of this flaw to Moderate.
Metrics
No CVSS v4.0 score for this CVE.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N
This CVE is not in the KEV list.
No CISA SSVC assessment for this CVE yet.
Estimated probability of exploitation in the wild in the next 30 days (FIRST EPSS). As of Oct 1, 2026.
Score over time
2021–2026- EPSS v1
- EPSS v2
- EPSS v3
- EPSS v4
- EPSS v5
Percentile over time
- EPSS v1
- EPSS v2
- EPSS v3
- EPSS v4
- EPSS v5
Table of values (29 key points)
Flat stretches are collapsed; showing up to 120 newest points.
| Date | Score | Percentile | Model |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct 1, 2026 | 3.48% (0.03477) | 88.71th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Jun 15, 2026 | 3.45% (0.03449) | 87.43th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Jun 10, 2026 | 5.19% (0.05191) | 90.13th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Mar 8, 2026 | 6.20% (0.06203) | 90.70th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Jan 7, 2026 | 4.54% (0.04536) | 88.81th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Dec 28, 2025 | 6.03% (0.06034) | 90.41th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Dec 27, 2025 | 3.25% (0.03249) | 86.78th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Oct 28, 2025 | 6.03% (0.06034) | 90.28th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Oct 27, 2025 | 3.25% (0.03249) | 86.63th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Oct 5, 2025 | 6.03% (0.06034) | 90.33th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Oct 1, 2025 | 4.54% (0.04536) | 88.74th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Jul 30, 2025 | 2.43% (0.02432) | 84.52th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Apr 30, 2025 | 4.56% (0.04562) | 88.54th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Mar 30, 2025 | 3.41% (0.03411) | 86.32th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Mar 29, 2025 | 7.48% (0.07481) | 85.99th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Mar 17, 2025 | 3.50% (0.03502) | 86.81th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Dec 12, 2024 | 0.61% (0.00614) | 79.41th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Apr 10, 2024 | 0.76% (0.00762) | 80.86th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Mar 22, 2024 | 0.60% (0.00597) | 77.94th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Nov 8, 2023 | 0.60% (0.00597) | 75.94th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Mar 7, 2023 | 0.65% (0.00652) | 76.26th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Mar 6, 2023 | 1.54% (0.01537) | 74.52th | v2 (v2022.01.01) |
| Feb 23, 2023 | 1.54% (0.01537) | 74.48th | v2 (v2022.01.01) |
| Apr 1, 2022 | 1.54% (0.01537) | 72.41th | v2 (v2022.01.01) |
| Feb 4, 2022 | 16.31% (0.16306) | 92.84th | v2 (v2022.01.01) |
| Feb 3, 2022 | 9.45% (0.09448) | 86.95th | v1 |
| Jan 6, 2022 | 9.45% (0.09448) | 86.79th | v1 |
| Sep 1, 2021 | 2.27% (0.02273) | 77.89th | v1 |
| Apr 14, 2021 | 2.27% (0.02273) | 0.00th | v1 |
References (16)
- http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-02/msg00021.html vendor-advisoryx_refsource_SUSEMailing ListThird Party Advisory
- http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/152914/FreeBSD-Security-Advisory-FreeBSD-SA-19-03.wpa.html x_refsource_MISCThird Party AdvisoryVDB Entry
- https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2019-9495 Vendor Advisory
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1699149 Issue Tracking
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/07/msg00030.html mailing-listx_refsource_MLISTMailing ListThird Party Advisory
- https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/56OBBOJJSKRTDGEXZOVFSTP4HDSDBLAE/ vendor-advisoryx_refsource_FEDORA
- https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/SVMJOFEYBGXZLFF5IOLW67SSOPKFEJP3/ vendor-advisoryx_refsource_FEDORA
- https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/TDOZGR3T7FVO5JSZWK2QPR7AOFIEJTIZ/ vendor-advisoryx_refsource_FEDORA
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-9495
- https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/May/40 mailing-listx_refsource_BUGTRAQMailing ListThird Party Advisory
- https://security.FreeBSD.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-19:03.wpa.asc vendor-advisoryx_refsource_FREEBSDThird Party Advisory
- https://w1.fi/security/2019-2/ x_refsource_CONFIRMPatchVendor Advisory
- https://w1.fi/security/2019-2/eap-pwd-side-channel-attack.txt
- https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2019-9495
- https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/871675/
- https://www.synology.com/security/advisory/Synology_SA_19_16 x_refsource_CONFIRMThird Party Advisory
Change history (0)
No recorded changes yet.