A command injection vulnerability in Nokogiri v1.10.3 and earlier allows commands to be executed in a subprocess via Ruby's `Kernel.open` method
Published Aug 16, 2019
9.8
CRITICALCVSS 3.1
EPSS 5.90%
Description
A command injection vulnerability in Nokogiri v1.10.3 and earlier allows commands to be executed in a subprocess via Ruby's `Kernel.open` method. Processes are vulnerable only if the undocumented method `Nokogiri::CSS::Tokenizer#load_file` is being called with unsafe user input as the filename. This vulnerability appears in code generated by the Rexical gem versions v1.0.6 and earlier. Rexical is used by Nokogiri to generate lexical scanner code for parsing CSS queries. The underlying vulnerability was addressed in Rexical v1.0.7 and Nokogiri upgraded to this version of Rexical in Nokogiri v1.10.4.
Affected products
- Vendor n/a Product Nokogiri (ruby gem) Defaultn/a
- Version Fixed in v1.10.4StatusaffectedConstraints-
- Version
Default status is the baseline for the product, each version can override it (e.g. patched versions marked unaffected).
| Vendor | Product | Default status | Versions | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | Nokogiri (ruby gem) | n/a |
|
Configuration 2
- 16.04
- 18.04
- 19.04
- 19.10
Configuration 3
- 8.0
- 10.0
No data.
No Red Hat product state for this CVE.
No package ranges for this CVE.
Remediation
No remediation recorded yet.
Metrics
No CVSS v4.0 score for this CVE.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
No CVSS v3.0 score for this CVE.
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
This CVE is not in the KEV list.
No CISA SSVC assessment for this CVE yet.
Estimated probability of exploitation in the wild in the next 30 days (FIRST EPSS). As of Oct 1, 2026.
Score over time
2021–2026- EPSS v1
- EPSS v5
- EPSS v2
- EPSS v3
- EPSS v4
Percentile over time
- EPSS v1
- EPSS v5
- EPSS v2
- EPSS v3
- EPSS v4
Table of values (20 key points)
Flat stretches are collapsed; showing up to 120 newest points.
| Date | Score | Percentile | Model |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct 1, 2026 | 5.90% (0.05899) | 93.00th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Jun 15, 2026 | 5.90% (0.05899) | 92.26th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Jun 1, 2026 | 9.32% (0.09316) | 92.90th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| May 11, 2026 | 8.31% (0.08315) | 92.32th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Nov 21, 2025 | 5.44% (0.05440) | 89.74th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Nov 18, 2025 | 14.96% (0.14957) | 93.94th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Oct 14, 2025 | 5.44% (0.05440) | 89.66th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Mar 30, 2025 | 1.37% (0.01368) | 78.44th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Mar 29, 2025 | 5.06% (0.05058) | 82.58th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Jul 20, 2024 | 1.75% (0.01750) | 88.12th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Dec 10, 2023 | 1.75% (0.01750) | 86.53th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Sep 3, 2023 | 1.26% (0.01258) | 83.91th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Mar 7, 2023 | 0.59% (0.00591) | 74.97th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Mar 6, 2023 | 2.73% (0.02734) | 82.91th | v2 (v2022.01.01) |
| Apr 1, 2022 | 2.56% (0.02564) | 80.25th | v2 (v2022.01.01) |
| Feb 4, 2022 | 12.30% (0.12300) | 89.42th | v2 (v2022.01.01) |
| Feb 3, 2022 | 6.21% (0.06208) | 81.93th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Jan 6, 2022 | 6.21% (0.06208) | 81.75th | v1 |
| Sep 1, 2021 | 1.45% (0.01454) | 71.88th | v1 |
| Apr 14, 2021 | 1.45% (0.01454) | 0.00th | v1 |
References (14)
- https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-cr5j-953j-xw5p Advisory
- https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/nokogiri/CVE-2019-5477.yml
- https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/rexical/CVE-2019-5477.yml
- https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/commit/5d30128343573a9428c86efc758ba2c66e9f12dc
- https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1915 PatchThird Party Advisory
- https://github.com/tenderlove/rexical/blob/master/CHANGELOG.rdoc Release Notes
- https://github.com/tenderlove/rexical/commit/a652474dbc66be350055db3e8f9b3a7b3fd75926
- https://hackerone.com/reports/650835 Permissions Required
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/09/msg00027.html mailing-listMailing ListThird Party Advisory
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/10/msg00018.html mailing-listMailing ListThird Party Advisory
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/10/msg00019.html mailing-listMailing ListThird Party Advisory
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-5477
- https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202006-05 vendor-advisoryThird Party Advisory
- https://usn.ubuntu.com/4175-1/ vendor-advisoryThird Party Advisory
Change history (0)
No recorded changes yet.