HIGH
Py-EVM v0.2.0-alpha.33 allows attackers to make a vm.execute_bytecode call that triggers computation._stack.values with '"stack": [100, 100, 0]' where b'\x' was expected, resulting in an execution failure because of an invalid opcode
Published Nov 12, 2018
8.7
HIGHCVSS 4.0
EPSS 2.93%
Description
Py-EVM v0.2.0-alpha.33 allows attackers to make a vm.execute_bytecode call that triggers computation._stack.values with '"stack": [100, 100, 0]' where b'\x' was expected, resulting in an execution failure because of an invalid opcode. This is reportedly related to "smart contracts can be executed indefinitely without gas being paid."
Affected products
Remediation
No remediation recorded yet.
Metrics
8.7 HIGH GHSA
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Attack Vector Network
Attack Complexity Low
Attack Requirements None
Privileges Required None
User Interaction Passive
Vulnerable System Confidentiality High
Vulnerable System Integrity High
Vulnerable System Availability High
Subsequent System Confidentiality None
Subsequent System Integrity None
Subsequent System Availability None
No CVSS v3.1 score for this CVE.
8.8 HIGH NVD
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Attack Vector Network
Attack Complexity Low
Privileges Required None
User Interaction Required
Scope Unchanged
Confidentiality Impact High
Integrity Impact High
Availability Impact High
6.8 MEDIUM NVD
AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
Access Vector Network
Access Complexity Medium
Authentication None
Confidentiality Impact Partial
Integrity Impact Partial
Availability Impact Partial
This CVE is not in the KEV list.
No CISA SSVC assessment for this CVE yet.
2.93% 0.02926
Estimated probability of exploitation in the wild in the next 30 days (FIRST EPSS). As of Oct 1, 2026.
EPSS probability 0.02926
Score over time
2021–2026- EPSS v1
- EPSS v2
- EPSS v3
- EPSS v4
- EPSS v5
Percentile over time
- EPSS v1
- EPSS v2
- EPSS v3
- EPSS v4
- EPSS v5
Table of values (21 key points)
Flat stretches are collapsed; showing up to 120 newest points.
| Date | Score | Percentile | Model |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct 1, 2026 | 2.93% (0.02926) | 86.58th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Jun 15, 2026 | 2.90% (0.02901) | 85.09th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Mar 30, 2025 | 0.79% (0.00794) | 71.73th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Mar 29, 2025 | 1.97% (0.01965) | 72.63th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Mar 17, 2025 | 0.80% (0.00803) | 72.44th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Dec 12, 2024 | 0.68% (0.00680) | 80.66th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Jul 1, 2024 | 0.95% (0.00955) | 83.31th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| May 14, 2024 | 0.90% (0.00899) | 82.60th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Apr 4, 2024 | 0.99% (0.00988) | 83.21th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Nov 5, 2023 | 0.90% (0.00899) | 80.96th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Oct 3, 2023 | 0.87% (0.00869) | 80.44th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Jul 8, 2023 | 0.95% (0.00954) | 81.10th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Jun 27, 2023 | 0.82% (0.00824) | 79.55th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Mar 7, 2023 | 0.67% (0.00673) | 76.69th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Mar 6, 2023 | 2.51% (0.02509) | 81.86th | v2 (v2022.01.01) |
| Apr 1, 2022 | 2.51% (0.02509) | 80.08th | v2 (v2022.01.01) |
| Feb 4, 2022 | 2.51% (0.02509) | 58.60th | v2 (v2022.01.01) |
| Feb 3, 2022 | 1.82% (0.01819) | 35.19th | v1 |
| Jan 6, 2022 | 1.82% (0.01819) | 34.49th | v1 |
| Sep 1, 2021 | 1.82% (0.01819) | 74.60th | v1 |
| Apr 14, 2021 | 1.82% (0.01819) | 0.00th | v1 |
Weaknesses (1)
References (8)
- https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-vqgp-4jgj-5j64 Advisory
- https://github.com/ethereum/py-evm/issues/1448 x_refsource_MISCExploitThird Party Advisory
- https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/evm-py/PYSEC-2018-155.yaml
- https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/py-evm/PYSEC-2018-96.yaml
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-18920
- https://twitter.com/AlexanderFisher/status/1060923428641878019 x_refsource_MISCThird Party Advisory
- https://twitter.com/NettaLab/status/1060889400102383617 x_refsource_MISCThird Party Advisory
- https://www.reddit.com/r/ethereum/comments/9vkk2g/netta_labs_claim_to_have_found_a_vulnerability_in/e9d3wyx x_refsource_MISCThird Party Advisory
| Link | Providers | Tags |
|---|---|---|
| https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-vqgp-4jgj-5j64 | Advisory | |
| https://github.com/ethereum/py-evm/issues/1448 | x_refsource_MISCExploitThird Party Advisory | |
| https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/evm-py/PYSEC-2018-155.yaml | ||
| https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/py-evm/PYSEC-2018-96.yaml | ||
| https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-18920 | ||
| https://twitter.com/AlexanderFisher/status/1060923428641878019 | x_refsource_MISCThird Party Advisory | |
| https://twitter.com/NettaLab/status/1060889400102383617 | x_refsource_MISCThird Party Advisory | |
| https://www.reddit.com/r/ethereum/comments/9vkk2g/netta_labs_claim_to_have_found_a_vulnerability_in/e9d3wyx | x_refsource_MISCThird Party Advisory |
Change history (0)
No recorded changes yet.
Sources
CVE.org / MITRE
Status PUBLISHED
Assigner mitre
Published Nov 12, 2018
Updated Aug 5, 2024
Reserved Nov 3, 2018
Link CVE-2018-18920
CISA Vulnrichment
GHSA-VQGP-4JGJ-5J64 Updated n/a