The Portable Document Format (PDF) specification does not provide any information regarding the concrete procedure of how to validate signatures
Published Jan 7, 2021
5.3
MEDIUMCVSS 3.1
EPSS 3.69%
Description
The Portable Document Format (PDF) specification does not provide any information regarding the concrete procedure of how to validate signatures. Consequently, a Signature Wrapping vulnerability exists in multiple products. An attacker can use /ByteRange and xref manipulations that are not detected by the signature-validation logic. This affects Foxit Reader before 9.4 and PhantomPDF before 8.3.9 and 9.x before 9.4. It also affects eXpert PDF 12 Ultimate, Expert PDF Reader, Nitro Pro, Nitro Reader, PDF Architect 6, PDF Editor 6 Pro, PDF Experte 9 Ultimate, PDFelement6 Pro, PDF Studio Viewer 2018, PDF Studio Pro, PDF-XChange Editor and Viewer, Perfect PDF 10 Premium, Perfect PDF Reader, Soda PDF, and Soda PDF Desktop.
Affected products
No data.
Configuration 1
- 12.0.20
- 9.0.270
- 9.1.0
- 9.2.0.9297
- 9.3.0.10826
- 11.0.3.173
- 5.5.9.2
- 6.4.2.3521
- 6.8.0.3523
- 6.8.4.3921
- 7.0.237.1
- 7.0.326
- 6.0.37
- 6.1.24.1862
- 12.0.7
- 2018.0.1
- 2018.2.0
- 9.3.17
- 10.2.09
- 10.2.16.1217
- 10.0.0.1
- 13.0.3
- 13.1.5
- 2.5
- 9.0.180
Configuration 2
- 9.1.0
- 9.2.0
- 6.6.2.3315
- 6.7.6.3399
- 6.7.1.3355
- 6.7.6.3399
- 12.0.7
- 2018.0.1
- 2018.2.0
Configuration 3
- 9.1.0
- 9.2.0
- 12.0.7
- 2018.0.1
- 2018.2.0
Running on/with
- n/a
No data.
No Red Hat product state for this CVE.
No package ranges for this CVE.
Remediation
No remediation recorded yet.
Metrics
No CVSS v4.0 score for this CVE.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
No CVSS v3.0 score for this CVE.
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N
This CVE is not in the KEV list.
No CISA SSVC assessment for this CVE yet.
Estimated probability of exploitation in the wild in the next 30 days (FIRST EPSS). As of Oct 1, 2026.
Score over time
2021–2026- EPSS v1
- EPSS v2
- EPSS v3
- EPSS v4
- EPSS v5
Percentile over time
- EPSS v1
- EPSS v2
- EPSS v3
- EPSS v4
- EPSS v5
Table of values (16 key points)
Flat stretches are collapsed; showing up to 120 newest points.
| Date | Score | Percentile | Model |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct 1, 2026 | 3.69% (0.03688) | 89.34th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Jun 15, 2026 | 3.69% (0.03688) | 88.23th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Mar 17, 2025 | 0.01% (0.00007) | 0.31th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Dec 12, 2024 | 0.18% (0.00176) | 56.04th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Sep 23, 2023 | 0.18% (0.00176) | 54.33th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Aug 14, 2023 | 0.15% (0.00155) | 51.12th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Jul 19, 2023 | 0.13% (0.00130) | 47.10th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Mar 7, 2023 | 0.12% (0.00117) | 43.98th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Mar 6, 2023 | 1.02% (0.01018) | 40.69th | v2 (v2022.01.01) |
| Sep 10, 2022 | 1.02% (0.01018) | 38.88th | v2 (v2022.01.01) |
| Apr 1, 2022 | 1.02% (0.01018) | 36.86th | v2 (v2022.01.01) |
| Feb 4, 2022 | 1.02% (0.01018) | 19.50th | v2 (v2022.01.01) |
| Feb 3, 2022 | 1.73% (0.01726) | 34.95th | v1 |
| Jan 6, 2022 | 1.73% (0.01726) | 34.26th | v1 |
| Sep 1, 2021 | 1.73% (0.01726) | 74.14th | v1 |
| Apr 14, 2021 | 1.73% (0.01726) | 0.00th | v1 |
References (4)
- https://pdf-insecurity.org/signature/evaluation_2018.html x_refsource_MISCThird Party Advisory
- https://pdf-insecurity.org/signature/signature.html x_refsource_MISCThird Party Advisory
- https://www.foxitsoftware.com/support/security-bulletins.php x_refsource_CONFIRMVendor Advisory
- https://www.pdfa.org/recently-identified-pdf-digital-signature-vulnerabilities/ x_refsource_MISCThird Party Advisory
| Link | Providers | Tags |
|---|---|---|
| https://pdf-insecurity.org/signature/evaluation_2018.html | x_refsource_MISCThird Party Advisory | |
| https://pdf-insecurity.org/signature/signature.html | x_refsource_MISCThird Party Advisory | |
| https://www.foxitsoftware.com/support/security-bulletins.php | x_refsource_CONFIRMVendor Advisory | |
| https://www.pdfa.org/recently-identified-pdf-digital-signature-vulnerabilities/ | x_refsource_MISCThird Party Advisory |
Change history (0)
No recorded changes yet.