struts2: Possible RCE via a malicious field value passed in a raw message to the ActionMessage
Published Jul 10, 2017 ·Due Aug 10, 2022
9.8
CRITICALCVSS 3.1
EPSS 98.91%
Description
The Struts 1 plugin in Apache Struts 2.1.x and 2.3.x might allow remote code execution via a malicious field value passed in a raw message to the ActionMessage.
Affected products
-
- Version 2.1.x seriesStatusaffectedConstraints-
- Version 2.3.x seriesStatusaffectedConstraints-
- Version
Default status is the baseline for the product, each version can override it (e.g. patched versions marked unaffected).
| Vendor | Product | Default status | Versions | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Struts | n/a |
|
- 2.3.1
- 2.3.1.1
- 2.3.1.2
- 2.3.3
- 2.3.4
- 2.3.4.1
- 2.3.7
- 2.3.8
- 2.3.12
- 2.3.14
- 2.3.14.1
- 2.3.14.2
- 2.3.14.3
- 2.3.15
- 2.3.15.1
- 2.3.15.2
- 2.3.15.3
- 2.3.16
- 2.3.16.1
- 2.3.16.2
- 2.3.16.3
- 2.3.20
- 2.3.20.1
- 2.3.20.3
- 2.3.24
- 2.3.24.1
- 2.3.24.3
- 2.3.28
- 2.3.28.1
- 2.3.29
- 2.3.30
- 2.3.31
- 2.3.32
No data.
Red Hat JBoss Fuse Service Works 6
struts2-core
Not affected
| Product | Package | State | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat JBoss Fuse Service Works 6 | struts2-core | Not affected | n/a |
No package ranges for this CVE.
Remediation
Red Hat statement
A previous statement by Red Hat related to this CVE, prior to August 2019, said that Apache Struts 2 is not included in any Red Hat products. This earlier statement was incorrect. While Struts 2 is not actively compiled, shipped, used, or enabled in any Red Hat provided final products, and does not cause any vulnerability in the product, struts2-core jars have been included in some products' source code packages. The inclusion was part of an import of the Google Guice repository, which includes struts2-core. Customers that build artefacts from our source code could be at risk. Red Hat will remove these artefacts from source code in future releases. The products that included the Struts 2 artefacts in their source jars: Fuse Service Works 6.0.0 Single Sign On 7.3.0+ If you have used the source package from one of these products to build artefacts on your system, you should do the following to remove potentially affected jars: 1. Run 'find . -name struts2*.jar' under the source location 2. Remove any files found This will not affect the product, as the jar is included with the source of google-guice, but no functionality requiring struts2 is implemented.
Metrics
No CVSS v4.0 score for this CVE.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
1 other source (GHSA) ▾
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:H
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
Date Added
Feb 10, 2022
Patch Due
Aug 10, 2022
Required Action
Apply updates per vendor instructions.
CISA SSVC (Vulnrichment)
Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization from CISA ADP.
Exploitation
ActiveAutomatable
YesTechnical Impact
TotalDecision
n/aAssessed Feb 6, 2025 · SSVC 2.0.3
Estimated probability of exploitation in the wild in the next 30 days (FIRST EPSS). As of Oct 1, 2026.
Score over time
2021–2026- EPSS v1
- EPSS v2
- EPSS v3
- EPSS v4
- EPSS v5
Percentile over time
- EPSS v1
- EPSS v2
- EPSS v3
- EPSS v4
- EPSS v5
Table of values (16 key points)
Flat stretches are collapsed; showing up to 120 newest points.
| Date | Score | Percentile | Model |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct 1, 2026 | 98.91% (0.98908) | 99.93th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Jun 15, 2026 | 98.93% (0.98931) | 99.92th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Mar 17, 2025 | 94.34% (0.94345) | 99.95th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Dec 12, 2024 | 97.45% (0.97451) | 99.97th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Oct 14, 2023 | 97.45% (0.97448) | 99.94th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Sep 5, 2023 | 97.46% (0.97464) | 99.93th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Jul 26, 2023 | 97.48% (0.97478) | 99.95th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Jul 8, 2023 | 97.50% (0.97502) | 99.96th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Jun 20, 2023 | 97.52% (0.97520) | 99.97th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| May 20, 2023 | 97.54% (0.97535) | 99.98th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Mar 7, 2023 | 97.53% (0.97530) | 99.98th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Mar 6, 2023 | 95.34% (0.95344) | 99.97th | v2 (v2022.01.01) |
| Feb 4, 2022 | 95.34% (0.95344) | 99.97th | v2 (v2022.01.01) |
| Feb 3, 2022 | 78.87% (0.78872) | 99.83th | v1 |
| Sep 1, 2021 | 78.87% (0.78872) | 99.91th | v1 |
| Apr 14, 2021 | 78.87% (0.78872) | 0.00th | v1 |
References (15)
- http://struts.apache.org/docs/s2-048.html x_refsource_CONFIRMMitigationVendor Advisory
- http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/alert-cve-2017-9805-3889403.html x_refsource_CONFIRMPatchThird Party Advisory
- http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/99484 vdb-entryx_refsource_BIDBroken LinkThird Party AdvisoryVDB Entry
- http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1038838 vdb-entryx_refsource_SECTRACKBroken LinkThird Party AdvisoryVDB Entry
- https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2017-9791 Vendor Advisory
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1469265 Issue Tracking
- https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-29rm-6752-gvwv Advisory
- https://github.com/apache/struts/commit/ffe0e20edd9d5386f4410fddd970286a69373243
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-9791
- https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20180706-0002 x_refsource_CONFIRMThird Party Advisory
- https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog
- https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2017-9791 government-resourceUS Government Resource
- https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2017-9791
- https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/42324 exploitx_refsource_EXPLOIT-DBThird Party AdvisoryVDB Entry
- https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44643 exploitx_refsource_EXPLOIT-DBThird Party AdvisoryVDB Entry
Change history (0)
No recorded changes yet.