CRITICAL
nodejs-jsonwebtoken: verification step bypass with an altered token
Published May 29, 2018
9.8
CRITICALCVSS 3.0
EPSS 8.65%
Description
In jsonwebtoken node module before 4.2.2 it is possible for an attacker to bypass verification when a token digitally signed with an asymmetric key (RS/ES family) of algorithms but instead the attacker send a token digitally signed with a symmetric algorithm (HS* family).
Affected products
-
- Version <4.2.2StatusaffectedConstraints-
- Version
Default status is the baseline for the product, each version can override it (e.g. patched versions marked unaffected).
| Vendor | Product | Default status | Versions | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HackerOne | Jsonwebtoken Node Module | n/a |
|
- < 4.2.2
No data.
Red Hat Mobile Application Platform 4
nodejs-jsonwebtoken
Not affected
| Product | Package | State | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat Mobile Application Platform 4 | nodejs-jsonwebtoken | Not affected | n/a |
jsonwebtoken
npm
Introduced 0 Fixed 4.2.2
| Ecosystem | Package | Introduced | Fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| npm | jsonwebtoken | 0 | 4.2.2 |
Remediation
No remediation recorded yet.
Metrics
No CVSS v4.0 score for this CVE.
No CVSS v3.1 score for this CVE.
9.8 CRITICAL NVD
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Attack Vector Network
Attack Complexity Low
Privileges Required None
User Interaction None
Scope Unchanged
Confidentiality Impact High
Integrity Impact High
Availability Impact High
1 other source (Red Hat) ▾
7.3 HIGH Red Hat
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
Attack Vector Network
Attack Complexity Low
Privileges Required None
User Interaction None
Scope Unchanged
Confidentiality Impact Low
Integrity Impact Low
Availability Impact Low
7.5 HIGH NVD
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
Access Vector Network
Access Complexity Low
Authentication None
Confidentiality Impact Partial
Integrity Impact Partial
Availability Impact Partial
This CVE is not in the KEV list.
No CISA SSVC assessment for this CVE yet.
8.65% 0.08655
Estimated probability of exploitation in the wild in the next 30 days (FIRST EPSS). As of Oct 1, 2026.
EPSS probability 0.08655
Score over time
2022–2026- EPSS v2
- EPSS v3
- EPSS v4
- EPSS v5
Percentile over time
- EPSS v2
- EPSS v3
- EPSS v4
- EPSS v5
Table of values (36 key points)
Flat stretches are collapsed; showing up to 120 newest points.
| Date | Score | Percentile | Model |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct 1, 2026 | 8.65% (0.08655) | 94.96th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Sep 22, 2026 | 8.65% (0.08655) | 94.87th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Sep 21, 2026 | 5.99% (0.05989) | 93.05th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Sep 6, 2026 | 8.65% (0.08655) | 94.75th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Sep 5, 2026 | 5.99% (0.05989) | 92.90th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Aug 30, 2026 | 8.65% (0.08655) | 94.72th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Aug 28, 2026 | 5.99% (0.05989) | 92.86th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Aug 24, 2026 | 8.65% (0.08655) | 94.69th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Aug 23, 2026 | 5.99% (0.05989) | 92.83th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Jun 22, 2026 | 8.32% (0.08322) | 94.22th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Jun 15, 2026 | 7.25% (0.07248) | 93.52th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Apr 23, 2026 | 37.48% (0.37481) | 97.21th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Mar 23, 2026 | 32.47% (0.32470) | 96.81th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Mar 21, 2026 | 37.07% (0.37066) | 97.12th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Dec 20, 2025 | 32.47% (0.32470) | 96.69th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Dec 18, 2025 | 37.07% (0.37066) | 97.00th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Dec 13, 2025 | 32.47% (0.32470) | 96.68th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Oct 10, 2025 | 33.52% (0.33525) | 96.70th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Jun 14, 2025 | 41.15% (0.41149) | 97.21th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Mar 30, 2025 | 35.53% (0.35529) | 96.73th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Mar 29, 2025 | 63.89% (0.63887) | 97.79th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Mar 28, 2025 | 35.53% (0.35529) | 96.73th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Mar 27, 2025 | 63.89% (0.63887) | 98.20th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Mar 20, 2025 | 53.05% (0.53055) | 97.76th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Mar 19, 2025 | 63.89% (0.63887) | 98.23th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Mar 17, 2025 | 53.05% (0.53055) | 97.70th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Dec 12, 2024 | 0.56% (0.00559) | 78.39th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Feb 29, 2024 | 0.56% (0.00559) | 77.07th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Oct 20, 2023 | 0.56% (0.00559) | 75.07th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Jul 8, 2023 | 0.66% (0.00659) | 76.77th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| May 23, 2023 | 0.78% (0.00779) | 78.86th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| May 8, 2023 | 0.84% (0.00839) | 79.60th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Mar 7, 2023 | 0.71% (0.00709) | 77.36th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Mar 6, 2023 | 18.20% (0.18199) | 96.30th | v2 (v2022.01.01) |
| Apr 1, 2022 | 18.20% (0.18199) | 95.96th | v2 (v2022.01.01) |
| Feb 4, 2022 | 18.20% (0.18199) | 93.53th | v2 (v2022.01.01) |
References (10)
- https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2015-9235 Vendor Advisory
- https://auth0.com/blog/2015/03/31/critical-vulnerabilities-in-json-web-token-libraries/ x_refsource_MISCBroken LinkVendor Advisory
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1584880 Issue Tracking
- https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-c7hr-j4mj-j2w6 Advisory
- https://github.com/auth0/node-jsonwebtoken/commit/1bb584bc382295eeb7ee8c4452a673a77a68b687 x_refsource_MISCPatchThird Party Advisory
- https://nodesecurity.io/advisories/17 x_refsource_MISCThird Party Advisory
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-9235
- https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2015-9235
- https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/17
- https://www.timmclean.net/2015/02/25/jwt-alg-none.html x_refsource_MISCExploitThird Party Advisory
| Link | Providers | Tags |
|---|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2015-9235 | Vendor Advisory | |
| https://auth0.com/blog/2015/03/31/critical-vulnerabilities-in-json-web-token-libraries/ | x_refsource_MISCBroken LinkVendor Advisory | |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1584880 | Issue Tracking | |
| https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-c7hr-j4mj-j2w6 | Advisory | |
| https://github.com/auth0/node-jsonwebtoken/commit/1bb584bc382295eeb7ee8c4452a673a77a68b687 | x_refsource_MISCPatchThird Party Advisory | |
| https://nodesecurity.io/advisories/17 | x_refsource_MISCThird Party Advisory | |
| https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-9235 | ||
| https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2015-9235 | ||
| https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/17 | ||
| https://www.timmclean.net/2015/02/25/jwt-alg-none.html | x_refsource_MISCExploitThird Party Advisory |
Change history (0)
No recorded changes yet.
Sources
CVE.org / MITRE
Status PUBLISHED
Assigner hackerone
Published May 29, 2018
Updated Sep 16, 2024
Reserved Oct 29, 2017
Link CVE-2015-9235
CISA Vulnrichment
GHSA-C7HR-J4MJ-J2W6 Updated n/a