struts2: remote command execution due to flaw in the includeParams attribute of URL and Anchor tags
Published Jul 10, 2013
9.3
HIGHCVSS 2.0
EPSS 73.70%
Description
Apache Struts 2 before 2.3.14.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OGNL code via a crafted request that is not properly handled when using the includeParams attribute in the (1) URL or (2) A tag.
Affected products
Remediation
Red Hat statement
A previous statement by Red Hat related to this CVE, prior to August 2019, said that Apache Struts 2 is not included in any Red Hat products. This earlier statement was incorrect. While Struts 2 is not actively compiled, shipped, used, or enabled in any Red Hat provided final products, and does not cause any vulnerability in the product, struts2-core jars have been included in some products' source code packages. The inclusion was part of an import of the Google Guice repository, which includes struts2-core. Customers that build artefacts from our source code could be at risk. Red Hat will remove these artefacts from source code in future releases. The products that included the Struts 2 artefacts in their source jars: Fuse Service Works 6.0.0 Single Sign On 7.3.0+ If you have used the source package from one of these products to build artefacts on your system, you should do the following to remove potentially affected jars: 1. Run 'find . -name struts2*.jar' under the source location 2. Remove any files found This will not affect the product, as the jar is included with the source of google-guice, but no functionality requiring struts2 is implemented.
Metrics
No CVSS v4.0 score for this CVE.
No CVSS v3.1 score for this CVE.
No CVSS v3.0 score for this CVE.
AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C
This CVE is not in the KEV list.
No CISA SSVC assessment for this CVE yet.
Estimated probability of exploitation in the wild in the next 30 days (FIRST EPSS). As of Oct 1, 2026.
Score over time
2022–2026- EPSS v2
- EPSS v3
- EPSS v4
- EPSS v5
Percentile over time
- EPSS v2
- EPSS v3
- EPSS v4
- EPSS v5
Table of values (11 key points)
Flat stretches are collapsed; showing up to 120 newest points.
| Date | Score | Percentile | Model |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct 1, 2026 | 73.70% (0.73705) | 99.46th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Aug 20, 2026 | 73.70% (0.73705) | 99.43th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Jun 15, 2026 | 71.77% (0.71767) | 99.34th | v5 (v2026.06.15) |
| Jul 24, 2025 | 91.34% (0.91338) | 99.64th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Mar 17, 2025 | 92.58% (0.92576) | 99.74th | v4 (v2025.03.14) |
| Dec 17, 2024 | 45.82% (0.45820) | 97.49th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Jul 10, 2024 | 1.86% (0.01858) | 88.51th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Mar 7, 2023 | 1.86% (0.01858) | 86.48th | v3 (v2023.03.01) |
| Mar 6, 2023 | 4.24% (0.04240) | 87.48th | v2 (v2022.01.01) |
| Apr 1, 2022 | 4.24% (0.04240) | 86.20th | v2 (v2022.01.01) |
| Feb 4, 2022 | 4.24% (0.04240) | 69.95th | v2 (v2022.01.01) |
References (9)
- http://struts.apache.org/development/2.x/docs/s2-013.html x_refsource_CONFIRMVendor Advisory
- http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/60166 vdb-entryx_refsource_BIDThird Party AdvisoryVDB Entry
- https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2013-1966 Vendor Advisory
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=967656 x_refsource_MISCThird Party AdvisoryVDB EntryIssue Tracking
- https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/WW/S2-013 x_refsource_MISCVendor Advisory
- https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-737w-mh58-cxjp Advisory
- https://github.com/apache/struts/commit/7e6f641ebb142663cbd1653dc49bed725edf7f56
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-1966
- https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2013-1966
| Link | Providers | Tags |
|---|---|---|
| http://struts.apache.org/development/2.x/docs/s2-013.html | x_refsource_CONFIRMVendor Advisory | |
| http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/60166 | vdb-entryx_refsource_BIDThird Party AdvisoryVDB Entry | |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2013-1966 | Vendor Advisory | |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=967656 | x_refsource_MISCThird Party AdvisoryVDB EntryIssue Tracking | |
| https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/WW/S2-013 | x_refsource_MISCVendor Advisory | |
| https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-737w-mh58-cxjp | Advisory | |
| https://github.com/apache/struts/commit/7e6f641ebb142663cbd1653dc49bed725edf7f56 | ||
| https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-1966 | ||
| https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2013-1966 |
Change history (0)
No recorded changes yet.